Reporting period -> the period of time included in a report abt sth such as financial position of a company
Accruals principle -> means that events in a particular reporting period are recorded in that period, rather than when money is actually received or paid out; this may happen in a later period.
The profit and loss acount ( Income statement– US)-> records the money you make or lose during a particular reporting period, using accruals principle
Cost of good sold -> the money received from sales, minus the labor, and the cost of the material used to produced them.
Selling and general expenses = over head ( Chi phí chung) -> the cost related to making these sales : employee’s salaries, rents for buildings..
Depreciation -> a gradual reduction in the value of a machinery , a vehicle,or other asset over a particular period of time , as stated in a company’s account
Operating profit / operating incomes ->the amount by which the money a business makes from its normal activities during a particular period is greater than the cost of running the business
Intersest payable -> the money you and the lender have agreed and could be paid back
Bonds -> an agreement by a government or an organization to pay back the money an investor has lent plus a fixed amount of interest on a particular date; a document containing this agreement (công cụ nợ)
Share -> any of the units of equal value into which a company is divided and sold to raise money. People who own shares become owners of the company and receive part of the company’s profits (công cụ vay)
Stock -> all the shares a company can make available; the value of those shares
Pre-tax profit -> the profit on company’s ordinary activities before tax
Exceptional items -> an amount of money that is paid or received as part of normal business activities but which is unusually large and has an important effect on profits
Corporation tax -> tax on a company’s profits (UK)
Net profit -> the money that you make in business or by selling things, after all costs, tax, interest, etc. have been taken off
Earnings -> the money that you earn for the work that you do; the money that people earn in a particular industry or during a particular time
Dividens -> a part of the profits of a company paid to the shareholders (cổ tức)
Omit/ pass/ skip the dividend
Retained earnings / reserves -> the part of the profit made by a company after tax has been paid that is invested in the company rather than being paid to shareholders as dividends
NOTES :
- Sales ~ turnover (UK)
- Interset payable > < interst receivable
- Sales – interest payable = pre-tax profit
- pre-tax profit – cost of running the business -dividend = retained earnings
- Credit card > < debt card
Phong Linh 